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Man settlement in England

Wombourne
Wombourne Borough Offices
Wombourne Location within Staffordshire
Population	fourteen,157 (2011 Census)
OS grid reference	SO873928
District	S Staffordshire
Shire county	Staffordshire
Region	W Midlands
Country	England
Sovereign land	United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland
Post town	Wolverhampton
Postcode district	WV5
Dialling code	01902
Police	Staffordshire
Burn down	Staffordshire
Ambulance	West Midlands
UK Parliament	South Staffordshire
Listing of places UK England Staffordshire 52°31′49″Due north two°11′08″West  /  52.530223°N 2.185692°W  / 52.530223; -ii.185692 Coordinates: 52°31′49″N 2°11′08″W  /  52.530223°Northward 2.185692°West  / 52.530223; -2.185692

Wombourne is a large village and ceremonious parish located in the district of South Staffordshire, in the county of Staffordshire, 4 miles (6 km) south-west of Wolverhampton and just outside the county and conurbation of the West Midlands.

Local affairs are run by a parish council. At the 2001 census information technology had a population of xiii,691, increasing to 14,157 at the 2011 Demography.^[1] Due to its proximity to the canton and conurbation of the Westward Midlands, it is, to some extent, an urban fringe settlement or dormitory village for the conurbation, although it also has a distinctive centre and a long history.

Etymology and usage [edit]

The Erstwhile English give-and-take burna signifies a stream, and a stream is a notable feature of the village. Formerly the hamlet name was idea to mean "Womb Stream", or stream in a hollow,^[2] considering this is a reasonable description of the situation. Yet, more recent scholarship explains the proper noun as significant a Crooked Stream,^[three] which is at to the lowest degree as proficient a description.

Burna was one of the terms for a stream used in the earliest Anglo-Saxon identify names, and the stream was presumably itself chosen the Wom Bourn. However, today it is always distinguished from the village past the name Wom Brook, from another, slightly later, Old English term for a stream: brōca. The Wom Brook, which has required considerable work to better its flooding, originates on Penn Mutual and is a tributary of the Smestow Beck, which it meets but south of Wombourne.

The spelling "Wombourne" is now preferred for official use. However, the village is marked "Wombourn" on the 1775 William Yates Map of the Canton of Stafford and as late as the 1945–48 serial Ordnance Survey maps.^[4] There has been considerable feeling almost the issue and road signs were regularly amended unofficially with spray paint until the 1990s at least.

History [edit]

Origins [edit]

The village has Anglo-Saxon origins, and was function of the large central kingdom of Mercia, which was settled by Angles. The whole region was wooded when the Germanic settlers arrived, and hamlet names like Bratch ("newly-cleared-land") and Blakeley ("dark clearing") attest to the need to articulate land for settlement. The settlers reared big herds of pigs, which were easily fed in the beech, oak and birch woods, which are the naturally-predominant vegetation in the region. Local toponyms like Kingswinford ("royal squealer crossing") and Swindon ("grunter hill") confirm the importance of pig rearing in Anglo-Saxon times.

The medieval hamlet [edit]

Wombourne is mentioned in Domesday Book and was clearly a medium-sized village by the standards of the time. Before the Norman Conquest, it was owned by an Anglo-Saxon nobleman called Thorsten. Past the time of the survey, probably 1086, William, Fitz Ansculf, held seven hides of land, some of them permit from him by ane Ralph of Wombourne. William was an of import landowner throughout the West Midlands, the son of Ansculf of Picquigny, a Picard businesswoman who came to England with William the Conqueror and built a castle at Dudley. William's total belongings at Wombourne supported 8 ploughs and was worth £3. There were 13 villagers (probably non including dependents, and then perhaps xxx to forty people in total); a priest, and so perhaps some sort of church building; too as ii mills, the first evidence for the importance of water power in the area. Wombourne was part of the Seisdon Hundred.

The Priors of Dudley built or rebuilt the Parish Church of St. Benedict Biscop around 1170, the only parish church building dedicated to this Anglo-Saxon cleric. The building equally it is seen today, still, is the result of numerous reconstructions and refurbishments, particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries. The parish of Wombourne extended far from the village, taking in Orton and Swindon.

The former Heath House, a residence of the Foley family attached to their industrial circuitous at Heath Manufacturing plant. Today it is an apartment block, known equally Mansion Courtroom.

Industrial developments [edit]

For most of its history Wombourne was mainly an agricultural village. Nevertheless, its involvement with manufacture began unusually early. From the Middle Ages, the Smestow Brook and the Stour were lined with small-scale fe bloomeries and forges, using local reserves of charcoal and water. The Industrial Revolution brought coke-fired furnaces. In 1772, the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Culvert was opened, with major canal locks at the Bratch and Bumble Hole, integrating the area more closely into industrial Britain. Atomic number 26 production concentrated in a smaller number of centres – at Swindon, in the southern part of the Wombourn parish, at Gothersley, at the Hyde near Kinver, and increasingly in the nearby Black Country – using the canal to bring ore, coal and limestone to the works. Other villages, yet, remained centres for smithing, with cheaper and more available atomic number 26 profoundly increasing the number of workers. Increasingly, Wombourne became a center for nail-making. The Wom and the Smestow continued to provide both ability and cooling h2o, with several large mills along each stream by the late 18th century.

Perhaps the largest water-driven forge was to the westward of the village, where, an 1817 history remarks, "has been erected an iron-work called the Heath-forge, with genteel mansion".^[five] This works had a large mill pool, supplied by the Merryhill Brook and by a contour culvert from the River Smestow. Water fell thence in several stages to the Wom, which so joined the Smestow a short distance to the west. The forge factory was later on converted into a corn manufactory, which functioned until the 1930s. The Heath Mill industrial estate on the main Bridgnorth road preserves the name of the complex. The mansion building, at present converted into flats, is still to exist seen in the Poolhouse estate, itself named after the poolhouse that stood at the dam. The water factory is clearly marked on the 1775 Yates map of Staffordshire, along with one at the Wodehouse, and another just south of the village centre, the remains of which are at present the Pool Dam.

It was around the aforementioned time that the Hellier family unit reached the height of their influence in the area. The Helliers lived at the Wodehouse, on the Wom Beck, to the east of the village. It was the fourth Samuel Hellier, knighted in 1762, who turned the Jacobean house into a heart of culture. He had the grounds laid out in fashionable style, with a hermitage, a temple to the memory of Handel, and a music room. He spent a fortune on musical instruments and books of music,^[6] building upward a individual collection and endowing both the church building at Wombourne and St. John's, Wolverhampton. The family collection included the Stradivarius named after them. Dying without outcome in 1784, he left his holding to a family friend, the Reverend Thomas Shaw, on status he change his proper noun to Hellier. I of his descendants spent years as commandant of the Regal Military Schoolhouse of Music at Kneller Hall. It is claimed that the Wodehouse has non been sold for over 900 years.^[seven]

In 1851, Wombourne was described past William White as a large hamlet, "occupied chiefly by nailors, who piece of work for the neighbouring manufacturers".^[eight] Boom-making remained important into the 20th century. Every bit White implies, it was mainly the preserve of outworkers, who operated modest-scale mechanism in, or attached to, their own homes, fetching iron sheet or rod from the foundries and returning the finished product.

White tells us that the main landowners in the surface area in the mid-19th century were John Wrottesley, 2nd Baron Wrottesley, a notable astronomer, and Lord Ward – at this fourth dimension the Reverend William Humble Ward, the tenth Baron, a relative of the Earl of Dudley. The Wards fabricated their wealth not merely from country, but what lay under it: the coal and limestone of the West Midlands. Another important landowner, the Reverend William Dalton, was an Evangelical clergyman from Ulster, only he owed his wealth to marriage to the widow of a Bilston fe master.^[ix]

The mod village [edit]

Although the parish had a population approaching 2000 past the mid-19th century, the hamlet itself remained quite pocket-size – essentially confined to the expanse effectually the nowadays village light-green. The hamlets of Giggetty, Blakeley, Ounsdale, and the Bratch were quite separate from the hamlet and were only captivated into information technology as suburban housing spread from the mid-20th century. This inverse the whole graphic symbol and construction of the hamlet.

The area around the light-green, the original village of Wombourne, evolved as the commercial and cultural heart. The green was surrounded by minor, independent shops, which remain a distinctive feature of the village's commercial life. A new civic middle, housing local quango services, was synthetic near Lower Cease, just s due west of the centre. Suburban housing grew to form a wide ring around it, absorbing nearly of the hamlets.

In the 1950s, several hundred council houses were congenital around Wombourne by Wolverhampton council as part of an overspill rehousing programme for residents of the large town'due south slums.^[x]

Large housing developments of the 1960s and 1970s around Giggetty and Brickbridge, to the west, were followed by a still larger westward extension in the Poolhouse estate of the 1980s, which absorbed the former Heath Mill. Meanwhile, light manufacture developed along the canal and the River Smestow, especially beyond the principal Bridgnorth Road, with industrial estates replacing former foundries. A new bypass was opened to the south of the village in July 1988, carrying Dudley, Bridgnorth and Telford traffic effectually Wombourne and Himley, and clearly separating much of the industrial area from the residential section. With Wombourne becoming an increasingly popular residential surface area, mass housing development continued into the new millennium, with building to the west of the canal betwixt Ounsdale and the Bratch.

Wombourne has become well known for its "annual" carnival, held on the first Dominicus of July. The carnival has a wide variety of stalls fabricated up of independent traders, local businesses, community groups and local charities as well every bit much family amusement. Including a funfair, bands, music groups, trip the light fantastic toe/drama groups, women's institute event and the Wombourne Village "Quacky" Races. The master parade starts at 12pm precipitous, allowing residents and guests of Wombourne to line the parade route to cheer on the floats and follow them upward to the principal funfair site for the official opening at 1pm. The Parade will kickoff at Wombourne Borough Centre, passing down Gravel Loma, Common Road, Giggetty Lane, Planks Lane, Church Road, High street and back to Wombourne Civic Centre. At that place will be temporary road closures during the parade and then we ask for your patience during this time and promise people bring together in the festivities. The parade is made up of floats which are theme based, created by local schools.

Today the village population works partly locally, and partly in the larger centres of Wolverhampton, the Black Country, Birmingham and Telford.

Civilities [edit]

The Vine, a pub on the edge of Wombourne hamlet opposite the police force station

The Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal runs north–south through the western side of the village and Bratch Locks are located just to the north-west. Another popular local spot is the Due south Staffordshire Railway Walk, which follows the path of a now disused railway (information technology served as a goods railway prior to the 1960s and equally a passenger line for a few years between the two wars). Wombourne Village Dark-green is considered to resemble an archetypal 'English village', as information technology is in the center of the village and reverse St Benedict'south Church. It regularly plays host to local cricket matches.

The main commercial area is around the village green and on the neighbouring streets. This contains a considerable range of small, independent shops, as well as banks, cafes and other services. In that location are too small developments of shops and services in the outlying areas of the village, particularly at Giggetty and Blakeley.

Wombourne has a retained burn down station, run by Staffordshire Burn down and Rescue Service, which is currently being refurbished. The station houses one pumping apparatus and is located on Giggety Lane next to Wombourne Ambulance Station. The ambulance station was run by W Midlands Ambulance Service and was manned total-fourth dimension. The west midlands house builder Kendrick Homes acquired the site for residential development in June 2014, information technology has planning permission for nine dwellings. Wombourne Police Station can be found on the Loftier Street and is part of Staffordshire Police. Police officers piece of work from the constabulary station 24 hours per day, yet staff of the enquiry role are only available at certain times.

The village is served by a wide variety of churches, many based around the village green, which exercise much in the way of maintaining village traditions and in serving the more needy people in the parish. There was considerable volunteer support for the mental health eye in Planks Lane earlier it closed. The Mitt in Hand Center is well-supported past Christians and a number of activities for older members of the hamlet are run and paid for past volunteers.

Walks and Local Countryside [edit]

• 

  Lower End Span, just southward-west of the village eye, marks the eastern edge of the Ham Meadow section.

• 

  Ham Meadow, south-west of the village eye, through which flows the Wom Brook.

• 

• 

  Wombourne Railway Station on the Due south Staffordshire Railway Walk.

A number of important footpaths cross Wombourne, constituting an important leisure assiduities likewise as providing safe admission to the village and surrounding countryside for walkers and cyclists.

The Wom Beck Walk [edit]

Signpost for the Wom brook Walk at Wombourne, Staffordshire

The Wom Brook Walk is a Local Nature Reserve entirely within the boundaries of the hamlet. It stretches for well-nigh one.5 miles (2.6 km) along both sides of the Wom Beck, traversing the village from eastward to west. It contains a mix of meadow and woodland. It was established afterwards some years of piece of work by a local conservation group, the Friends of Wom Brook. At that place has been great excitement over the inflow of Wombourne's very first Footling Egret in October/November 2010. It was seen hunting and roosting around the Wombrook on a number of occasions and Daniel Traynor captured the very beginning epitome of the bird which was afterwards shown in the Parish News.^[11]

The Southward Staffordshire Railway Walk [edit]

The South Staffordshire Railway Walk is another Local Nature Reserve. It follows the course of the former Wombourne Branch Line, traversing Wombourne from due north to south, before swinging eastward towards Himley and Dudley. It intersects with the Wom Beck Walk at the western end of Ham Meadow. To the due north, it connects with the Wolverhampton Railway Walk, affording a pedestrian road into Wolverhampton via the Smestow Valley LNR. The one-time Wombourne station at the Bratch has car parking facilities, as well as a café and information.

The Staffordshire and Worcestershire Culvert [edit]

The tow path of the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal likewise runs north–south through the western part of Wombourne, roughly parallel with the South Staffordshire Railway Walk and intersecting with the Wom Brook Walk at Giggetty. It forms part of a conservation area and can be followed as far as Kidderminster and Stourport on Severn to the due south and Wolverhampton and Stafford to the northward. It is said that once a year the phantom ghost train runs through Wombourne, with many of the local residents claiming they have both seen and heard it.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Surrounding Area [edit]

As well every bit the walks in or passing through Wombourne, in that location are as well many country parks and places to walk in the surrounding expanse including: Baggeridge Land Park, Highgate Common, Himley Hall and Kinver Edge.

Governance [edit]

Wombourne is part of a 2-tier local government construction, typical of rural county areas in England.

• It is situated within the district of Due south Staffordshire. This is based in Codsall, to the north of Wombourne, although it has commune offices locally. It was established in 1974 by the merging of Seisdon Rural District, to which Wombourne had belonged, with Cannock Rural District. Wombourne consists of three district council wards, each represented by three councillors: Wombourne North and Lower Penn; Wombourne South West; Wombourne South East.

• South Staffordshire itself is independent within the county of Staffordshire. This was established as an authoritative county in 1889. Wombourne constitutes a single division in Canton Council elections: South Staffordshire – Wombourne.

Wombourne as well has a parish council. This was originally established in 1894 and took its present form in 1974.

Wombourne is office of the South Staffordshire parliamentary constituency, which is not coterminous with the district of the same name.

Prior to Brexit in 2020, it was besides part of the large West Midlands constituency, which had 7 MEPs in the European Parliament.

Before the local government reforms of the 19th century, the local parish or vestry was both a civil and an ecclesiastical unit inside the Seisdon Hundred of the historic county of Staffordshire. In Victorian times, it became part of the Seisdon Poor Constabulary Union.

Politics [edit]

Wombourne'due south Member of Parliament is Gavin Williamson, who represents the South Staffordshire constituency in the House of Eatables after Sir Patrick Cormack stepped down in the 2010 full general election. He is a Conservative. In elections to the European Parliament, Wombourne was part of the West Midlands constituency which was last represented past seven MEPs: three Conservative, two Labour, i Liberal Democrat and 1 UK Independence Political party. All nine of Wombourn's district councillors are Conservative and the district council is Conservative-controlled.

Transport [edit]

National Limited West Midlands motorbus routes fifteen and xvi all serve Wombourne. Sunday daytime service 15A omits the village middle operating direct from Wodehouse Lane A463 roundabout to Himley via the A449. Previously a service ran between Kidderminster and Wolverhampton via Kinver (580) along with infrequent services to Sedgley, Perton and a number of rural communities in S Staffordshire. Nevertheless these were progressively withdrawn due to local authorization funding cuts. Due to atmospheric condition imposed at the fourth dimension of the planning application, a twice weekly gratis bus operated between the Sainsbury'south store on the edge of the village and the village centre. This service is operated by Coastal Liner having originally been operated past Midland, although it now runs on Thursdays only. There used to be a railway line^[12] with a station serving the village although spelt instead as "Wombourn". The line and station closed to passenger services in 1932 and freight in the 1960s. It is at present the South Staffordshire Railway Walk. The station survives equally a buffet and the trackbed tin can be walked between Wolverhampton and Himley.

Schools [edit]

There are four principal schools in Wombourne; Westfield, St. Bernadette's R.C., Blakeley Heath and St. Benedict Biscop. There is also a secondary schoolhouse, Wombourne Loftier Schoolhouse, that takes many of the local primary schools pupils on. Students also come up from local areas on charabanc and charabanc services to the school. There is likewise Cherry Tree'southward special school and Adult Didactics centres operating in several locations effectually the village, including Ounsdale High Schoolhouse and the Library.

Industrialisation [edit]

A Sainsbury's supermarket was completed in spring of 2010. Equally the commercial side of the hamlet had mainly been run past contained shops, similar a butcher and greengrocer, this caused backlash from many of the hamlet residents. This sparked a entrada led by Anna Owen, a resident in the hamlet for all of her life, to protest the building of the supermarket in an endeavour to keep local commerce within the local businesses. The build was preceded by a long contest with Tesco to secure a site and planning permission near the village. The supermarket is located to the south of the village centre, just off the master road to Bridgnorth, in an industrial estate. Along with major road adaptations to the B4176 and a shuttle bus to help with ship to the supermarket, the evolution did bring a batch of new jobs for local residents.

Sport [edit]

Wombourne V.C. was founded in 1995 and currently competes in the West Midlands Volleyball Association. The club has recently moved to train and compete at the brand new Evolve building near Dudley town center. At the conclusion of the 2015 flavor the lodge was named "Volleyball England Club of the Year", topping competition from across England.^[13]

Wombourne has also been represented in Lord's day league football by many dissimilar teams throughout the years. The most famous team is Orton Vale Established in 1977

Notable people [edit]

• William Reading (1674 in Swindon, Staffs – 1744) an English clergyman ^[xiv] and librarian of Sion College
• Edward Simms (1800-1893) organist of Wombourne Parish Church 1813-1821
• Ted Jarman (1907 – 2003 in Wombourne) an English professional golfer, played in the 1935 Ryder Cup.
• Pip Harris (1927 in Wombourne – 2013) a British motorcycle racer in the sidecar class over a 27-year career
• Robert Rex (born 1960 in Wombourne) is an English conductor, harpsichordist, editor and author, has concentrated on period performance of classical music in particular from the baroque and early modern periods. Likewise convicted sex offender
• Ian Painter (born 1964 in Wombourne) a footballer mainly for Stoke City, with 113 appearances

• Christopher Pincher (born 1969) a Conservative pol and MP for Tamworth since 2010, grew up in Wombourne
• Mark Rhodes (born 1981) an English singer and television presenter, lives in Wolverhampton and socialises in Wombourne
• Lydia Thompson (born 1992) an English female rugby union player, went to a school in Wombourne

Meet too [edit]

• Listed buildings in Wombourne

References [edit]

1. ^ "Ceremonious parish population 2011". Retrieved v December 2015.
2. ^ W. H. Duignan, Notes on Staffordshire Place Names, Henry Frowde, London, 1902.
3. ^ Margaret Gelling, Place-names in the Landscape, Dent, London, 1984, ISBN 0-460-86086-0, p.17-xviii, 325
4. ^ Viewed at Staffordshire Past Track
5. ^ William Pitt: A Topographical History of Staffordshire, Newcastle-under-Lyme, 1817, p.187.
6. ^ Catherine Frew and Arnold Myers, Sir Samuel Hellier'southward 'Musicall Instruments', Galpin Club Periodical, vol. 56, June 2003.
7. ^ "Friends of Broadfield House". From the Stourbridge News, eighteen May 2007 ^{[ permanent expressionless link ]}
8. ^ William White, History, Gazetteer and Directory of Staffordshire, Sheffield, 1851
9. ^ Peter Hickman, The Remarkable Story of the Reverend William Dalton, Wolverhampton History and Heritage Web Site, accessed 9 February 2014.
10. ^ https://world wide web.geograph.org.uk/commodity/A-History-of-Council-Housing-in-Wolverhampton/five#the-1950s---slum-clearance-and-overspill-housing
11. ^ "South Staffordshire Quango Web site, Wom Brook Walk Friends Group page, accessed 1 June 2009". Archived from the original on xiii June 2011. Retrieved 1 June 2009.
12. ^ By rail to Wombourn, J. Ned Williams and students of Wulfrun College, Uralia Press, 1969.
13. ^ "Archived re-create". Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2016. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
14. ^ "Reading, William". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 47. 1896.

Farther reading [edit]

• May Griffiths. Around Pattingham & Wombourne in Quondam Photographs. 1992
• May Griffiths. Wombourne What Was. 1990
• WHiG (Wombourne History Group). Made in Wombourne. Ellingham Press, 2014
• WHiG (Wombourne History Group). "Wombourne Worthies and those who were not". Ellingham Press 2016

° Images of England: Wombourne Compiled by Derek Thomas and John Bowler (Tempus 2000)

External links [edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wombourne.

• Wombourne.net Local Website for Wombourne
• Wombourne News Local Digital Newspaper for Wombourne
• Staffordshire Past Track Maps, photos and historic documents for all areas of the county.
• Genuki folio for Wombourne, with links to local history resources.
• South Staffordshire District Council
• Wombourne Online Community Website for Wombourne

sullivanhungs1936.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wombourne

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